1. Purpose, Basis, and Evidence Convention

This paper answers one question: given the certified elemental inventory of the municipal feedstock (Document 1 of this set), what is the resulting makeup of OmniCrude™ — the two-phase intermediate drawn from the Recyclotron™ — when that feedstock is processed through Microwave Catalytic Reformation (Document 2)?

All quantities are stated on the canonical fresh-feed basis: 4,166.7 kg/h (100 TPD) of as-received conditioned feed, with reactor co-feeds of 1,250 kg/h HRSG steam and 50 kg/h N₂ purge. Per-metric-ton values are per ton of fresh feed. The reactor-level stream set is the ACM-1 model stream (Document 2, Table 2), whose per-element balance closes to <0.5%. Open measurement items inherited by this document are ranked in the set’s roadmap (Document 2, §12.1).

Evidence-status convention. Four flags are used: [certified] (CRBT-TBM-001 Rev.4 values), [model v1.0] (ACM-1 outputs, including the reconciled reactor stream set), [derived] (this document’s arithmetic on those inputs), and [pending] (awaiting instrumented metering and third-party certification). Derived values are engineering estimates for partner review — traceable to their inputs but not themselves certified or simulated quantities.

2. Input Summary (from Document 1)

The feed enters at 23.7% moisture, 56.0% volatile matter, 7.5% fixed carbon, and 12.8% ash; ultimate composition (daf) C 59.12 / H 8.08 / O 30.39 / N 1.34 / S 0.28 / Cl 0.79 wt%; LHV 11.0 MJ/kg. On the fresh-feed basis this delivers, per hour: 987.5 kg moisture, 2,645.9 kg daf organics, and 533.3 kg mineral ash — the ash carrying 482.7 kg of mineral metals as elements (Si, Ca, Fe, Al, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Pb, P) plus residual C 38.1, S 8.2, and Cl 4.4 kg/h. [verified — characterization basis] Full provenance, per-element uncertainty bands, and the 46-class material inventory are in Document 1.

3. Partitioning Framework: Five Element Pools

MCR does not act on “materials”; it acts on bonds. The certified inventory therefore partitions according to the bonding environment of each element, not the material category it arrived in. Five pools capture the chemistry:

• Pool 1 — The organic volatile pool (635.0 kg/MT daf). C, H, O, N, S, and organically bound Cl held in covalent organic matrices (paper, plastics, food and yard waste, textiles) — 2,645.9 kg/h daf. This pool is the target of microplasma-mediated Flash Reformation in Zone 1: bond scission converts it to vapors, tars, syngas, and char within the particle fall time. It is the source of essentially the entire OmniCrude™ Vapor phase.
• Pool 2 — The water pool (237 kg/MT moisture + 300 kg/MT injected steam). feed moisture flashes to steam in Zone 1 and joins the bottom-injected HRSG steam (1,250 kg/h) as a reactant. Water is not a diluent in MCR — it is the hydrogen carrier: steam–carbon gasification (R1) and steam reforming (R3) transfer its hydrogen into H₂ at up to 87.1% water conversion. [model v1.0]
• Pool 3 — Structural metals (Fe 25.0 + Al 13.2 + Cu ≈2.25 ≈ 40 kg/MT). bulk structural metals do not couple destructively with the 915 MHz field and are chemically protected by the oxygen-starved, non-oxidative regime. They pass to the Solid phase as unoxidized elemental metal with structural integrity retained. Reducing conditions (CO-rich gas over the bed) additionally reduce surface oxide coatings (ash metal reduction — currently qualitative).
• Pool 4 — The mineral/silicate pool (115.8 kg/MT mineral metals as elements). glass, concrete, gypsum, and ash-forming elements remain oxide- and silicate-bound throughout; this pool reports to the Solid phase as the mineral matrix hosting the concentrated metals. Together with the structural metals it constitutes the 533.3 kg/h (128.0 kg/MT) mineral-ash stream, which also retains residual C (9.1), S (2.0), and Cl (1.1 kg/MT).
• Pool 5 — Semi-volatile trace metals (Pb 1.65, Zn 1.40, Cd, Hg ≪1 kg/MT). Hg and Cd are fully volatile at process temperatures and report to the Vapor phase for downstream capture. Pb and Zn are chloride-mediated semi-volatiles: with ≈6 kg/MT total Cl available, PbCl₂ and ZnCl₂ formation gives both elements appreciable vapor pressure inside the explored operating window, splitting them between phases as a function of temperature and Cl speciation. [derived; sub-ledger pending]

4. OmniCrude™ Vapor Phase

4.1 Reactor-Exit Speciation (Model Stream)

At the model operating point, the raw product gas drawn from the top of the reactor totals 4,699.1 kg/h — 1,127.8 kg per ton of fresh feed, exceeding the feed mass because the steam and N₂ co-feeds join the gas stream. Its speciation: [model v1.0]

Table 1. OmniCrude™ Vapor phase at the reactor draw, model stream, fresh-feed basis. [model v1.0]

The H₂:CO molar ratio remains tunable across ≈0.5–1.3 (maximum 1.32) by steam feed and initial temperature (600–800 K optimum for hydrogen yield), with the shift and methanation/reforming equilibria (R2, R3/R4) continuously re-balancing CO/CO₂/CH₄/H₂ across the operating envelope. [model v1.0]

4.2 Hydrogen Accounting

The feed itself carries 77.8 kg H/MT (7.8% of feed mass). At the reactor exit, free H₂ is 81.4 kg/MT (339 kg/h) — already slightly above the feed-H total, because steam co-reforming has begun transferring water hydrogen into the gas. Downstream, CRSRU secondary reforming and shift upgrading of the CO/CH₄ inventory raise deliverable H₂ to 657 kg/h to the PEM stacks (157.7 kg/MT — 15.8% of feed mass), roughly half of it ultimately water-derived at up to 87.1% water conversion, with the fuel-cell water loop replenishing the steam supply. OmniCrude™ Vapor should therefore be understood as the product of feedstock and water co-reforming, not of the feedstock alone. All H₂ remains an internal Island-Mode energy carrier. [model v1.0; site-boundary rates pending]

4.3 Heteroatom Species (N, S, Cl)

• Nitrogen: 35.5 kg/h fuel-N (8.5 kg/MT) leaves predominantly as N₂ with minor NH₃ (21.6 kg/h) handled explicitly in the ACM-1 nitrogen sub-network; nylon and food-protein N are the main sources. The purge N₂ (50 kg/h) passes through inert. [model v1.0]
• Sulfur: of 15.6 kg/h total (3.7 kg/MT), the organically bound fraction leaves as H₂S (7.9 kg/h); the ash-bound sulphate remainder (8.2 kg/h, gypsum-derived CaSO₄) stays mineral-bound in the Solid phase. Tracking the gas alone would “lose” this ash-S — the per-element sub-ledger of Document 2 §5 is what closes it. [model v1.0; capture duty pending]
• Chlorine: of 25.3 kg/h total (6.1 kg/MT), the PVC- and HHW-derived majority leaves as HCl (21.5 kg/h), routed to downstream capture as chloride salts; 4.4 kg/h remains ash-bound. Cl carries the widest major-element input uncertainty (±12.1%). [model v1.0; sub-ledger pending]
• Residual tar: at the modelled 89.3% maximum tar destruction, ≈11% of formed tars survive to the vapor draw as benzene/toluene/naphthalene/phenol-class species — feeding the downstream CRSRU (secondary reforming) rather than persisting to products. [model v1.0]

5. OmniCrude™ Solid Phase

5.1 Composition

The Solid phase is the sum of unconverted char and the mineral-ash stream (structural metals + mineral matrix + ash-bound residuals). At the model operating point: [model v1.0]

Table 2. OmniCrude™ Solid phase at the model operating point (≈85% conversion of organic carbon). At the literature-low conversion (65.6%) char rises to ≈129 kg/MT and the Solid phase to ≈257 kg/MT. [model v1.0 / derived]

The phase split is therefore ≈18.4% Solid / ≈81.6% Vapor (of fresh feed plus co-feeds, netting the co-feed mass to the gas) at the model operating point, widening to ≈26% Solid at the lowest literature conversion — the split is an operating choice bounded by the capability envelope, not a fixed property. [derived]

5.2 The Concentration Effect: Technological Ore

Because the organic ≈80% of the feed leaves as vapor, every refractory element is concentrated by a factor of ≈5.4× in the Solid phase without any separation step having occurred. Copper illustrates the significance: 2.25 kg/MT in feed (0.23 wt%) becomes ≈1.2 wt% of the Solid phase — a grade comparable to or better than typical primary porphyry copper ores (commonly 0.5–1.0 wt%). Iron reaches ≈13.6 wt% and aluminum ≈7.2 wt%, both as clean elemental metal rather than oxide ore. The Solid phase is thus properly described as a self-upgrading technological ore, pre-conditioned for automated magnetic, eddy-current, and density classification. [derived]

Two framing disciplines bound this claim. First, the grade statement is a contained-metal comparison: it establishes that the Solid phase carries copper at ore-or-better concentration, not that downstream separation recovers it at any particular efficiency — recovery is a property of the classification train and is quantified there. Second, the concentration factor is arithmetic, not chemistry: it follows directly from the certified inventory and the phase split, and inherits their uncertainty bands and nothing else. [derived]

At the reference rate (36,500 MT/yr of fresh feed at 100 TPD), the Solid phase carries approximately 913 t/yr Fe, 482 t/yr Al, and 82 t/yr Cu, plus the trace inventory (≈128 t/yr total trace metals including the REE fraction) concentrated into ≈6,700 t/yr of solids. Scaled to a 400 TPD deployment these figures multiply by four (≈3,650 t/yr Fe, ≈1,930 t/yr Al, ≈330 t/yr Cu). [derived from certified inventory]

6. Semi-Volatile and Trace Element Fate

The Rev.4 trace tables identify the elements requiring explicit fate assignment. Three behaviour classes apply: [derived; sub-ledgers pending]

• Fully volatile — Hg, Cd: Hg (HHW, batteries; ≤1 g/MT scale) and Cd (NiCd batteries, pigments) report essentially quantitatively to the Vapor phase at process temperatures and are removed in downstream gas conditioning — they do not survive into carbon or mineral products. The zero-vent APS basis of the site balance is the containment boundary.
• Chloride-mediated semi-volatile — Pb, Zn: with abundant HCl in the gas (21.5 kg/h), PbCl₂ and ZnCl₂ formation volatilizes a temperature-dependent fraction of each. As a planning assumption this analysis carries ≈20% of Pb and ≈40% of Zn to the Vapor phase (captured downstream with the chloride salts) with the balance retained in the Solid phase — explicitly a [derived] assumption pending the element sub-ledger reconciliation. Both elements carry LOW input confidence (Pb ±35%, Zn ±15%). Sensitivity: sweeping the assumed split across its full 0–100% range moves less than 2% of Solid-phase mass — material to the trace sub-ledger, immaterial to the bulk phase split. [derived]
• Refractory trace — Ni, Cr, Mn, Ti, Sb, REE: Ni, Cr, Mn, Ti, Sb, As (bound as oxides, alloys, or in char), and the REE fraction of the electronics stream remain in the Solid phase and concentrate with it. For REE-bearing micro-components, Zone 1 strips the organic encapsulation and leaves the technological metals accessible to downstream sorting — the ore-concentration mechanism of §5.2 applied to the strategic-element inventory.

7. Element-by-Element Fate Summary

Table 3. Element-by-element fate through MCR into OmniCrude™ phases, fresh-feed basis (4,166.7 kg/h + co-feeds). Gas/char/ash splits for C, S, Cl from the reactor elemental balance (Doc 2, Table 2). [model v1.0 / derived]

8. Uncertainty and Mode Dependence

Input uncertainty is dominated by the LOW-confidence trace elements; the mass-dominant elements (C, H, O — 88% of feed) carry only ±2.1–2.6%, propagating to ±2.4% on total feed mass. [certified] Consequently, the Vapor/Solid mass split inherits tight bounds from the input side; its real spread comes from the process side — the choice of operating mode (High-H₂, Syngas, Carbon Conversion, Tar Destruction, Standard) moves organic-carbon conversion across the 65.6–85.6% envelope, shifting ≈73 kg/MT of carbon between char and vapor and moving the Solid phase between ≈18% and ≈26% of feed mass. [model v1.0 / derived]

The least-constrained outputs of this analysis, in order: (1) the Pb/Zn phase split (±35%/±15% input uncertainty compounded with the [derived] volatilization assumption); (2) the Cl ledger (±12.1% input; salt speciation pending); (3) the REE content of the trace pool (reported only as ~3.5 kg/MT aggregate). All three are named element sub-ledger reconciliation targets in the site balance and appear, ranked, in the set’s measurement roadmap (Document 2, §12.1 — items 2, 3, and 5). [pending]

9. Reconciliation with the Whole-Site Balance

This partitioning reproduces the reactor-gate closure of Document 2 exactly, because it is built on the same stream set: 4,166.7 feed + 1,250 steam + 50 N₂ = 4,699.1 gas + 234.6 char + 533.3 ash kg/h, with the per-element ledger of C, S, and Cl closing only when gas and solid sub-streams are tracked simultaneously. Beyond the reactor: carbon products at ≈20–30% of feed mass (25% nominal ≈ 1,041.7 kg/h) require adding vapor-derived carbon (engineered carbons from downstream processing) to the char inventory; the 241.1 kg/h site-boundary difference is a reconciliation item [pending] and is not attributed to feed reflow; and the PEM loop closes as a separate control volume (657 kg/h H₂ + 5,214.4 kg/h O₂ → ≈5,871.4 kg/h fuel-cell water). [model v1.0 / pending]

10. Conclusions

Run through MCR, the certified feedstock resolves into a two-phase OmniCrude™ of predictable makeup. The Vapor phase (≈1,128 kg per ton of fresh feed including co-feeds) is a steam-co-reformed synthesis gas — CO 506, CO₂ 292, H₂O 190, H₂ 81, CH₄ 30 kg/MT, with H₂:CO tunable 0.5–1.3 — carrying the N/S/Cl heteroatom species to engineered capture points and residual tar to the CRSRU; its hydrogen is upgraded downstream to 157.7 kg/MT delivered to the PEM stacks, roughly half water-derived, and is consumed internally. The Solid phase (≈184 kg/MT at the model operating point; up to ≈257 kg/MT at low conversion) is a self-upgrading technological ore: ≈31% reactive char destined for carbon-product upgrading, clean unoxidized structural metal at ore-or-better grades (Fe ≈13.6 wt%, Al ≈7.2 wt%, Cu ≈1.2 wt%), and an inert mineral matrix hosting the concentrated trace and REE inventory plus the ash-bound C/S/Cl residuals that make the per-element ledger close. The certified input uncertainty (±2.4% total mass) is tight enough that the dominant unknowns are process-side (operating-mode choice) and trace-side (Pb/Zn/Cl/REE sub-ledgers) — both scheduled for resolution by instrumented metering and third-party certification.

References and Data Sources

• Document 1 of this set — The Input: Certified Elemental Characterization (EPA_MSW / CRBT-TBM-001 Rev.4). [certified input basis]
• Document 2 of this set — Microwave Catalytic Reformation (MCR) White Paper: reactor configuration, reaction network (R1–R6), atom-balance discipline (Table 2), capability envelope, whole-site mass balance. [process basis]
• ACM-1 simulation platform v1.0, 16 July 2026 — reconciled reactor stream set; carbon conversion, tar destruction, water conversion, H₂:CO envelope. [model basis]
• JRC EUR 28582 EN (2017); EUR 30663 EN (2021); USGS MCS 2024; IEC 62321; UNEP e-waste 2009 — reference chemistry underlying the certified inventory (per Document 1).